Tool / Die Motions and Materials

Total Forming
Die contains the "whole" desired geometry
i.e. Forging

One Dimensional Forming
Die contains only a "producer". Relative motion is required between the die and the workpiece.
i.e. Thread Rolling

Two-Dimensional Forming
Die or tool affects only a small portion of the desired workpiece. Surface and relative motions are required.
i.e. Shear Spinning

Free Forming
Die or tool does not contain any part of the desired workpiece shape and the imposed stress is produced in the workpiece by the forming operation.
i.e. Free Upsetting